|{{Mono|<b>proc:system</b>($cmd as xs:string) as xs:string}}<br/>{{Mono|<b>proc:system</b>($cmd as xs:string, $args as xs:string*) as xs:string}}<br/>{{Mono|<b>proc:system</b>($cmd as xs:string, $args as xs:string*, $encoding as xs:string) as xs:string}}
|-
| valign='top' | '''Summary'''
|Executes the specified command in a separate process and returns the result as string.<br/>If the command results in an error, an XQuery exception will be thrown. Its error code will consist of the letters {{Mono|PROC}} and four digits with the command’s exit code.<br/>Additional command arguments may be specified via {{Mono|$args}}.<br/>The result can be explicitly converted to a specified {{Mono|$encoding}}. If no encoding is specified, the system’s default encoding is used.
|-
| valign='top' | '''Examples'''
|
* {{Mono|proc:system('date')}} returns the current date on a Linux system.
|{{Mono|<b>proc:execute</b>($cmd as xs:string) as element(result)}}<br/>{{Mono|<b>proc:execute</b>($cmd as xs:string, $args as xs:string*) as element(result)}}<br/>{{Mono|<b>proc:execute</b>($cmd as xs:string, $args as xs:string*, $encoding as xs:string) as element(result)}}
|-
| valign='top' | '''Summary'''
|Executes the specified command in a separate process and returns the result as element.<br/>Additional command arguments may be specified via {{Mono|$args}}.<br/>The result can be explicitly converted to a specified {{Mono|$encoding}}. If no encoding is specified, the system’s default encoding is used.<br/>A result has the following structure:<br/>
<pre class="brush:xml">
</pre>
|-
| valign='top' | '''Examples'''
|
* {{Mono|proc:execute('dir', '\')}} returns the root directory on a Windows system.