Changes

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[], (: empty array :)

[ (1, 2) ], (: array with single member :)

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array { }, (: empty array; same as: array { () } :)

array { (1, 2) }, (: array with two members; same as: array { 1, 2 } :)

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let $array := array { 48 to 52 }

for $i in 1 to array:size($array)

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fn:data([1 to 2]) (: returns the sequence 1, 2 :)

[ 'a', 'b', 'c' ] = 'b' (: returns true :)

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let $f := function($x as xs:integer*) { count($x) }

return $f([1 to 5])

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let $f := function($x as item()*) { count($x) }

return $f([1 to 5])

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let $map := map { 'R': 'red', 'G': 'green', 'B': 'blue' }

return (

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let $maps := (

map { 'name': 'Guðrún', 'city': 'Reykjavík' },

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(: Returns 3 :)

count(('A', 'B', 'C')),

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(: Returns "This is a 'new' & 'flexible' syntax." :)

``["This is a 'new' & 'flexible' syntax."]``

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(: Returns »Count 1 2 3, and I will be there.« :)

let $c := 1 to 3

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declare option output:method 'adaptive';

<element id='id0'/>/@id,

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declare option output:method 'json';

map { "key": "value" }

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declare option output:method 'json';

<json type='object'>

===fn:parse-json===

Parses the supplied string as JSON text and returns its item representation. The result may be a map, an array, a string, a double, a boolean, or an empty sequence. The allowed options can be looked up in the [https://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-functions-31/#func-parse-json specification].

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parse-json('{ "name": "john" }') (: yields { "name": "json" } :),

parse-json('[ 1, 2, 4, 8, 16]') (: yields [ 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 ] :)

===fn:json-doc===

Retrieves the text from the specified URI, parses the supplied string as JSON text and returns its item representation (see {{Function||fn:parse-json}} for more details).

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json-doc("http://ip.jsontest.com/")('ip') (: returns your IP address :)

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===fn:json-to-xml===

Converts a JSON string to an XML node representation. The allowed options can be looked up in the [https://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-functions-31/#func-json-to-xm specification].

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json-to-xml('{ "message": "world" }')

===fn:xml-to-json===

Converts an XML node, whose format conforms to the results created by {{Function||fn:json-to-xml}}, to a JSON string representation. The allowed options can be looked up in the [https://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-functions-31/#func-xml-to-json specification].

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(: returns "JSON" :)

xml-to-json(<string xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions">JSON</string>)

==fn:sort==

Returns a new sequence with sorted {{Code|$input}} items, using an optional {{Code|$collation}}. If a {{Code|$key}} function is supplied, it will be applied on all items. The items of the resulting values will be sorted using the semantics of the {{Code|lt}} expression.

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sort(reverse(1 to 3)) (: yields 1, 2, 3 :),

reverse(sort(1 to 3)) (: returns the sorted order in descending order :),

==fn:contains-token==

The supplied strings will be tokenized at whitespace boundaries. The function returns {{Code|true}} if one of the strings equals the supplied token, possibly under the rules of a supplied collation:

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contains-token(('a', 'b c', 'd'), 'c') (: yields true :)

<xml class='one two'/>/contains-token(@class, 'one') (: yields true :)

==fn:parse-ietf-date==

Parses a string in the IETF format (which is widely used on the Internet) and returns a {{Code|xs:dateTime}} item:

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fn:parse-ietf-date('28-Feb-1984 07:07:07')" (: yields 1984-02-28T07:07:07Z :),

fn:parse-ietf-date('Wed, 01 Jun 2001 23:45:54 +02:00')" (: yields 2001-06-01T23:45:54+02:00 :)

==fn:apply==

The supplied {{Code|$function}} is invoked with the specified {{Code|$arguments}}. The arity of the function must be the same as the size of the array.

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fn:apply(concat#5, array { 1 to 5 }) (: 12345 :)

fn:apply(function($a) { sum($a) }, [ 1 to 5 ]) (: 15 :)

==fn:random-number-generator==

Creates a random number generator, using an optional seed. The returned map contains three entries:

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let $rng := fn:random-number-generator()

let $number := $rng('number') (: returns a random number :)

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format-number(1984.42, '00.0e0') (: yields 19.8e2 :)

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fn:tokenize(" a b c d") (: yields "a", "b", "c", "d" :)

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fn:trace(<xml/>, "Node: ")/node() (: yields the debugging output "Node: <xml/>" :),

fn:trace(<xml/>)/node() (: returns the debugging output "<xml/>" :)

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fn:string-join(1 to 3) (: yields the string "123" :)

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xs:hexBinary('') < xs:hexBinary('bb'),

xs:hexBinary('aa') < xs:hexBinary('bb'),

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declare default collation 'http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/collation/html-ascii-case-insensitive';

'HTML' = 'html'

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(: returns 0 (both strings are compared as equal) :)

compare('a-b', 'ab', 'http://www.w3.org/2013/collation/UCA?alternate=shifted')

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declare function local:x() { () };

try { () } catch * { () },

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declare function local:x() { };

try { } catch * { },