Array Module

This XQuery Module contains functions for manipulating arrays, which has been introduced with XQuery 3.1.

Conventions

All functions and errors in this module are assigned to the http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/array namespace, which is statically bound to the array prefix.

Functions

array:size

Signature	array:size( $array as array(*) ) as xs:integer
Summary	Returns the number of members in $array. Note that because an array is an item, the fn:count function when applied to an array always returns 1.
Examples	array:size(array { 1 to 10 }) returns 10. array:size([1 to 10]) returns 1, because the array contains a single sequence with 10 integers.

array:get

Signature	array:get( $array as array(*), $position as xs:integer ) as item()*
Summary	Returns the $array member at the specified $position.
Errors	FOAY0001: $position is not in the range 1 to array:size($array) inclusive.
Examples	array:get(array { reverse(1 to 5) }, 5) returns the value 1.

array:append

Signature	array:append( $array as array(*), $member as item()* ) as array(*)
Summary	Returns a copy of $array with $member attached.
Examples	array:append([], 'member1') returns the array ["member1"].

array:subarray

Signature	array:subarray( $array as array(*), $position as xs:integer, $length as xs:integer := () ) as array(*)
Summary	Constructs a new array with with $length members of $array beginning from the specified $position. The two-argument version of the function returns the same result as the three-argument version when called with $length equal to the value of array:size($array) - $position + 1.
Errors	FOAY0001: $position is less than one, or if $position + $length is greater than array:size($array) + 1. FOAY0002: $length is less than zero.
Examples	array:subarray(["a", "b", "c"], 2) returns the array ["b", "c"].

array:put

Signature	array:put( $array as array(*), $position as xs:integer, $member as item()* ) as array(*)
Summary	Returns a copy of $array with $member replaced at the specified $position. Equivalent to $array => array:remove($position) => array:insert-before($position, $member).
Errors	FOAY0001: $position is not in the range 1 to array:size($array) inclusive.
Examples	array:put(["a", "b", "c"], 2, "d") returns the array ["a", "d", "c"].

array:remove

Signature	array:remove( $array as array(*), $positions as xs:integer* ) as array(*)
Summary	Returns a copy of $array without the member at the specified $positions.
Errors	FOAY0001: A position is not in the range 1 to array:size($array) inclusive.
Examples	array:append(["a"], 1) returns the array [].

array:insert-before

Signature	array:insert-before( $array as array(*), $position as xs:integer, $member as item()* ) as array(*)
Summary	Returns a copy of $array with one new $member at the specified $position. Setting $position to the value array:size($array) + 1 yields the same result as array:append($array, $insert).
Errors	FOAY0001: $position is not in the range 1 to array:size($array) + 1 inclusive.
Examples	array:insert-before(["a"], 1, "b") returns the array ["b", "a"].

array:head

Signature	array:head( $array as array(*) ) as item()*
Summary	Returns the first member of $array. This function is equivalent to the expression $array(1).
Errors	FOAY0001: The array is empty.
Examples	array:head(["a", "b"]) returns "a". array:head([["a", "b"], ["c", "d"]]) returns the array ["a", "b"].

array:tail

Signature	array:tail( $array as array(*) ) as array(*)
Summary	Returns a new array with all members except the first from $array. This function is equivalent to the expression array:remove($array, 1).
Errors	FOAY0001: The array is empty.
Examples	array:insert-before(["a"], 1, "b") returns the array ["b", "a"].

array:reverse

Signature	array:reverse( $array as array(*) ) as array(*)
Summary	Returns a new array with all members of $array in reverse order.
Examples	array:reverse(array { 1 to 3 }) returns the array [3, 2, 1].

array:join

Signature	array:join( $arrays as array(*)* ) as array(*)
Summary	Concatenates the contents of several $arrays into a single array.
Examples	array:join(()) returns the array []. array:join((1 to 3) ! array { . }) returns the array [1, 2, 3].

array:flatten

Signature	array:flatten( $items as item()* ) as item()*
Summary	Recursively flattens all arrays that occur in the supplied $items.
Examples	array:flatten(["a","b"]) returns the sequence "a", "b". array:flatten([1,[2,3],4]]) returns the sequence 1, 2, 3, 4.

array:for-each

Signature	array:for-each( $array as array(*), $action as function(item()*) as item()* ) as array(*)
Summary	Returns a new array, in which each member is computed by applying $action to the corresponding member of $array.
Examples	The following query returns the array [2, 3, 4, 5, 6]: <syntaxhighlight lang="xquery"> array:for-each( array { 1 to 5 }, function($i) { $i + 1} ) </syntaxhighlight>

array:filter

Signature	array:filter( $array as array(*), $predicate as function(item()*) as xs:boolean ) as array(*)
Summary	Returns a new array with those members of $array for which $predicate returns true.
Examples	The following query returns the array [0, 1, 3]: <syntaxhighlight lang="xquery"> array:filter( array { 0, 1, -2, 3, -4 }, function($i) { $i > 0 } ) </syntaxhighlight>

array:fold-left

Signature	array:fold-left( $array as array(*), $zero as item()*, $action as function(item()*, item()*) as item()* ) as item()*
Summary	Evaluates the supplied $action cumulatively on successive members of the supplied $array from left to right, and uses $zero as first argument.
Examples	The following query returns 55 (the sum of the integers 1 to 10): <syntaxhighlight lang="xquery"> array:fold-left( array { 1 to 10 }, 0, function($a, $b) { $a + $b } ) </syntaxhighlight>

array:fold-right

Signature	array:fold-right( $array as array(*), $zero as item()*, $action as function(item()*, item()*) as item()* ) as item()*
Summary	Evaluates the supplied $action cumulatively on successive members of the supplied $array from right to left, and uses $zero as first argument.
Examples	The following query is equivalent to the expression array:reverse(array { 1 to 5 }): <syntaxhighlight lang="xquery"> array { array:fold-right( array { 1 to 5 }, (), function($a, $b) { $b, $a } ) } </syntaxhighlight>

array:for-each-pair

Signature	array:for-each-pair( $array1 as array(*), $array2 as array(*), $action as function(item()*) as item()* ) as array(*)
Summary	Returns a new array obtained by evaluating the supplied $action for each pair of members at the same position in $array1 and $array2.
Examples	The following query returns the array [5, 7, 9]: <syntaxhighlight lang="xquery"> array:for-each-pair( array { 1 to 3 }, array { 4 to 6 }, function($a + $b) { $a + $b } ) </syntaxhighlight>

array:sort

Signature	array:sort( $array as array(*), $collation as xs:string? := (), $key as function(item()*) as xs:anyAtomicType*) := () ) as array(*)
Summary	Returns a new array with sorted $array members, using an optional $collation. If a $key function is supplied, it will be applied on all array members. The items of the resulting values will be sorted using the semantics of the lt expression.
Examples	array:sort(array { reverse(1 to 3) }) returns [1, 2, 3] array:sort([3,-2,1], (), abs#1) returns [1, -2, 3] array:sort([1,2,3], (), function($x) { -$x }) returns [3, 2, 1] array:sort((1,'a')) returns an error (strings and integers cannot be compared)

Errors

Code	Description
FOAY0001	The specified index extends beyonds the bounds of an array.
FOAY0002	The specified length is less than zero.

Changelog

Version 8.6

• Updated: array:put collation argument was inserted between first and second argument.

Version 8.5

• Added: array:put

Version 8.4

• Removed: array:serialize (use fn:serialize instead)

Introduced with Version 8.0.